Car accident what to do
What are the exact steps I should take immediately after a car accident?
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Why: Leaving the scene of an accident is a criminal offense, and hazard lights prevent secondary collisions by alerting oncoming traffic.
How:
- Bring the car to a full stop immediately, even if the damage seems minor.
- Switch on your hazard warning lights.
- Turn off the engine to reduce fire risk.
Done when: The vehicle is stationary with hazard lights flashing.
Why: Proper signaling protects you and other drivers from high-speed impacts, especially in low visibility.
How:
- Put on a high-visibility reflective vest before exiting the vehicle.
- Place the warning triangle 50 meters away in urban areas and 100–150 meters away on highways.
- Walk behind the guardrail or on the shoulder while carrying the triangle.
Done when: The warning triangle is correctly positioned and you are in a safe area.
Why: Professional medical help is critical for hidden injuries like internal bleeding, and a police presence ensures an unbiased official report.
How:
- Dial 112 (Europe) or 911 (North America) immediately if anyone is injured.
- Provide the '5 Ws': Who is calling, What happened, Where did it happen, How many are injured, and Wait for questions.
- Request police even for minor accidents to ensure documentation for insurance.
Done when: Emergency dispatch has confirmed that help is on the way.
Why: You need specific data to file a claim; missing info can delay or void your insurance payout.
How:
- Collect: Full name, address, phone number, and driver's license number.
- Record: Insurance company name, policy number, and vehicle plate number.
- Note: Make, model, and color of all involved vehicles.
Done when: You have a complete list of the other driver's details.
Why: Visual evidence is the most reliable way to prove fault and damage extent before vehicles are moved.
How:
- Take wide shots showing the position of all cars relative to road markings.
- Capture close-ups of damage, license plates, and any debris on the road.
- Photograph skid marks, traffic signs, and current weather/lighting conditions.
Done when: You have at least 10-15 clear photos from multiple angles.
Why: Neutral third-party accounts are vital if the other driver changes their story later.
How:
- Approach bystanders who saw the impact.
- Ask for their names and contact numbers.
- Record a short voice memo or video of their account if they agree.
Done when: You have contact info for at least one independent witness.
Why: Most policies require 'prompt' notification; waiting longer than 48-72 hours can give insurers a reason to deny the claim.
How:
- Call your insurer's 24/7 claims hotline.
- Stick to the facts: date, time, location, and parties involved.
- Do NOT admit fault or speculate on the cause during this initial call.
Done when: You have a claim number and an assigned adjuster.
Why: In many jurisdictions (like Florida or Germany), failing to see a doctor within 14 days can void your right to Personal Injury Protection (PIP) or pain/suffering compensation.
How:
- Visit an urgent care center or your primary physician even if you feel 'fine'.
- Mention specific symptoms like neck stiffness, headaches, or dizziness (common signs of whiplash).
- Keep all medical receipts and the doctor's report.
Done when: You have a medical report linking your physical state to the accident.
Why: The police report is the definitive document used by insurance adjusters to determine liability.
How:
- Ask the officer at the scene for the 'Incident Number'.
- Wait 3–10 business days for the report to be processed.
- Request a copy online via the local police department's portal (usually costs $5–$20).
Done when: You have a digital or physical copy of the official report.
Why: Insurance companies often suggest their own 'preferred' shops, but you have the right to choose; multiple quotes ensure you aren't being underpaid.
How:
- Visit local certified collision centers.
- Ensure they use OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturer) parts rather than generic alternatives.
- Compare the labor rates and estimated completion times.
Done when: You have three written quotes to present to your adjuster.
Why: Major structural repairs may require a new safety inspection (like the German TÜV or state safety checks) to remain legal and safe.
How:
- Check if the accident affected the chassis, steering, or airbags.
- Schedule a voluntary safety check if the repair was extensive.
- Ensure all lights, sensors (ADAS), and wheel alignments are recalibrated.
Done when: The vehicle has a passed inspection certificate or professional sign-off.
Why: If you had the wrong tires for the season (e.g., summer tires in snow), your insurance may reduce your payout due to 'gross negligence'.
How:
- Inspect all tires for flat spots or sidewall damage caused by the impact.
- Verify tread depth is above 1.6mm (legal minimum) or 4mm (recommended for winter).
- Ensure tires match the current season's requirements.
Done when: Tires are confirmed safe and legally compliant for the current season.
Why: Used items (like bandages or flares) must be replaced immediately to be ready for the next emergency.
How:
- Replace any used first-aid supplies.
- Check the expiration date on the fire extinguisher and medical kit.
- Add a disposable camera or a printed 'Accident Info Card' for future use.
Done when: The emergency kit is fully replenished and back in the trunk.